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M365 SharePoint/OneDrive File Access via PowerShell

Identifies file downloads or access from OneDrive or SharePoint using PowerShell-based user agents. Adversaries may use native PowerShell cmdlets like Invoke-WebRequest or Invoke-RestMethod with Microsoft Graph API…

Description

Identifies file downloads or access from OneDrive or SharePoint using PowerShell-based user agents. Adversaries may use native PowerShell cmdlets like Invoke-WebRequest or Invoke-RestMethod with Microsoft Graph API to exfiltrate data after compromising OAuth tokens via device code phishing or other credential theft techniques. This rule detects both direct PowerShell access and PnP PowerShell module usage for file operations. FileAccessed events are included to detect adversaries reading file content via API and saving locally, bypassing traditional download methods. Normal users access SharePoint/OneDrive via browsers or sync clients, making PowerShell-based file access inherently suspicious.

Detection logic

Its licence does not clear it for publishing here

Sunturai publishes a detection's own text where the licence it arrived under has been reviewed and permits it, and Elastic License 2.0 has not. The query as its source wrote it, its canonical form and the hash that pins this revision are in the workspace record.

Detection requirements

Platform
ContainersESXiIaaSIdentity ProviderLinuxmacOSNetwork DevicesOffice SuiteSaaSWindows

The rule states no platform. This is derived from the 3 ATT&CK techniques it maps to.

Log source category
event_index

Known benign triggers

  • IT administrators using PnP PowerShell for site management, migration, or backup operations.
  • Legitimate automation scripts using PowerShell to interact with SharePoint or OneDrive for business purposes.

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